Would we recognize our ancestors' religion?

A question I have pondered recently:

If I were transported back in time to the second temple period would I easily recognize the religion practiced by ancient Israel as Judaism?

I’m tempted to say no. Here’s why:

1. No prayer services
2. Only one religious gathering place
3. Music in the Temple
4. Sacrificial cult
5. Tum’ah and tahara are central to life, red cows
6. Caste hierarchy is important
7. Tribal affiliation is important
8. Nationwide gatherings in Jerusalem three times a year
9. Kingship

Am I missing anything big?

*Edit: We're talking about the first temple period. Thanks, Mike.